Recent Articles

Dr. Shiv Prakash Yadav  ·  International Journal of Arts, Culture and Creative Studies  ·  19 Jul 2026

Abstract This article reads trauma, memory, and forced migration comparatively across W. G. Sebald’s Austerlitz (2001) and Bhisham Sahni’s Tamas (1974). The two novels come out of separate twentieth-century catastrophes, the Holocaust and the Partition of India, yet they meet on a common problem: how literature represents collective violence once it has settled into individual and cultural memory. Holocaust writing and Partition writing have each produced large and largely self-contained critical traditions, but sustained cross-linguistic comparison between them is still rare, and the disciplinary reasons for that silence have themselves become a subject of debate. Taking Rothberg’s (2009) account of multidirectional memory together with Craps’s (2013) critique of the Eurocentric formation of trauma theory as its point of departure, this study treats the two texts as structurally analogous rather than historically linked, and asks what becomes visible when a German Holocaust novel and a Hindi Partition novel are placed within a single interpretive frame. The method is qualitative and typological, grounded in close reading and organised around seven recurring analytical dimensions. Both novels, the analysis finds, narrate trauma not as a bounded event but as a recurring structural condition, staged through disordered time, unstable or deferred testimony, and the loss of home as a category that violence dismantles before law can protect it. Sebald’s photographic and architectural melancholia and Sahni’s procedural social realism arrive, by very different formal routes, at the same refusal of narrative closure, and each positions literature as a supplementary archive where official history and law fall short. The article specifies a research gap in comparative, cross-linguistic trauma studies bridging European and South Asian literary responses to mass violence, and proposes this pairing as a model for future work on forced migration in world literature.

Dr. Paras Sharma  ·  International Journal of Education, Pedagogy and Psychology  ·  18 Jul 2026

Men living with invisible disabilities in India navigate a compounded set of pressures: the internal burden of an unacknowledged impairment alongside external demands of a patriarchal social order premised on bodily invulnerability and economic productivity. This qualitative study draws on Reflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) of in-depth interviews with five cisgender men, aged 25–32, living with invisible disabilities, including neurodevelopmental conditions, autoimmune illness, and musculoskeletal conditions; in urban India. Five themes were identified: (1) The Diagnostic Journey and Medical Interactions; (2) Masculinity and Social Identity; (3) Productivity and Capitalist Expectations; (4) Masking and Adaptations; and (5) Support Systems and Relationships. Findings indicate that medical gaslighting, gendered pain bias, and late misdiagnosis are common experiences, and that masculine norms significantly delay both diagnosis-seeking and help-seeking. Participants also described active, deliberate rejection of hegemonic masculine norms, a process this paper terms counter-hegemonic resistance; as a response to the lived inadequacy of those norms in the face of chronic illness and neurodivergence. Implications for clinical practice, workplace policy, and mental health service design are discussed with reference to the specific Indian socio-cultural context.

Dr.Harishkumar.R  ·  International Journal of Economics and Business Management  ·  18 Jul 2026

Urban innovation has become a critical determinant of economic competitiveness, sustainable development, and governance efficiency in rapidly urbanizing economies. As India advances towards the vision of Viksit Bharat @2047, metropolitan cities are expected to serve as engines of innovation, productivity, and inclusive growth. Bengaluru, widely recognised as India's technology and innovation capital, provides an ideal case for examining how urban innovation contributes to national development through digital governance, entrepreneurial ecosystems, and sustainable urban planning. This study analyses Bengaluru's urban innovation ecosystem by integrating evidence from government reports, policy documents, international databases, and contemporary academic literature. Using a qualitative case study approach supported by secondary data, the paper evaluates five interrelated dimensions: innovation infrastructure, digital governance, startup development, environmental sustainability, and institutional challenges. The findings indicate that Bengaluru's success is driven by strong university–industry–government collaboration, an advanced startup ecosystem, expanding digital public infrastructure, and increasing adoption of smart city initiatives. The city hosts the largest concentration of technology startups and Global Capability Centres in India, while digital governance initiatives have enhanced administrative efficiency and citizen service delivery. However, persistent challenges such as traffic congestion, water scarcity, governance fragmentation, environmental degradation, housing affordability, and digital inequality continue to constrain sustainable urban transformation. The study argues that technological innovation alone is insufficient to achieve the objectives of Viksit Bharat; rather, innovation must be complemented by integrated governance, climate resilience, inclusive infrastructure, and citizen participation. The Bengaluru experience demonstrates that metropolitan innovation ecosystems can become strategic drivers of national competitiveness when supported by coherent public policy, institutional coordination, and sustainable urban planning. The paper concludes with policy recommendations that may assist policymakers in replicating Bengaluru's innovation model across other Indian cities while adapting it to local socio-economic contexts

Mulugeta Tilahun Bekele  ·  International Journal of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence  ·  18 Jul 2026

Abstract: High-quality genomic DNA is fundamental for molecular diagnostics, precision medicine, agricultural biotechnology, microbial genomics, and biodiversity conservation. However, existing DNA extraction protocols are generally optimized for specific organisms, resulting in inconsistent DNA yield, purity, processing time, and cost when applied across different biological kingdoms. Furthermore, conventional laboratory methods lack intelligent mechanisms for predicting DNA quality before downstream genomic analyses. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an AI-Driven Universal DNA Extraction and Quality Prediction Framework capable of extracting high-quality genomic DNA from bacterial, plant, and mammalian samples while accurately predicting DNA quality using artificial intelligence. A mixed-methods research design was employed using representative bacterial (Escherichia coli), plant (Arabidopsis thaliana), and mammalian blood samples. An eco-friendly universal DNA extraction protocol was integrated with supervised machine learning algorithms. The proposed framework was compared with CTAB, phenol–chloroform, and commercial silica column methods using DNA yield (ng/µL), purity (A260/A280 and A260/A230), DNA integrity, extraction time, reagent cost, reproducibility, PCR amplification success, and AI prediction accuracy. The proposed framework achieved an average DNA purity of 1.87–1.95 (A260/A280), increased DNA yield by 22.8%, reduced extraction time by 34.5%, lowered reagent cost by 41.2%, and achieved a 97.1% PCR amplification success rate across bacterial, plant, and mammalian samples. The AI-based quality prediction model attained 96.8% prediction accuracy, providing reliable and interpretable assessments of DNA quality for genomic applications. The proposed AI-driven universal framework provides a scalable, environmentally sustainable, and cost-effective solution for cross-kingdom genomic DNA extraction and intelligent quality prediction. Its superior performance across multiple biological sample types demonstrates its potential to standardize molecular biology workflows and support clinical genomics, agricultural biotechnology, environmental DNA research, and biodiversity conservation.

Annu Kumari  ·  International Journal of Law, Politics and Governance  ·  18 Jul 2026

Mental illness occupies an uneasy position as the intersection of two systems, whose constructions have different intentions. The criminal law poses a question on whether an individual has committed a wrong act, whereas the healthcare question is how an individual can be cured and assisted to recuperate. When an individual with a severe mental illness gets into a confrontation with our legal system, these two questions collide and the location that the collision occurs the most is prison. The paper will discuss the connection between mental illness and criminal responsibility and prison management and will argue that the disparity between the law and healthcare is not only due to limited resources, but a structural aspect of the nature of the two systems. It unites three groups of evidence. The initial one is the epidemiological fact, which has been unchanged over decades and dozens of countries, a serious mental illness is many times more prevalent in the population of prison than in the overall population. Second is the legal doctrine of criminal responsibility, which dates back to the MNaghten rules of 1843 to the current Section 84 of the Indian Penal Code and its recent equivalent, Section 22 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, based on a narrow criterion of cognition and excluding much of contemporary psychiatric knowledge. The third is the prison administrative reality, with more and more mentally crippled inmates colliding with a gross lack of trained personnel and legal structure whose assurances are not upheld in every aspect. The paper analyzes these three strands in the concepts of the therapeutic gap, the diversion, and the right to health and suggests that four changes to law, healthcare, and the test of responsibility, the channels that prevent the mentally ill to prisons and the quality of care within the prison itself must be all reformed at once.

Monisha Roy  ·  International Journal of Law, Politics and Governance  ·  18 Jul 2026

Global supply chains, characterized by the growing engagement of multinational enterprises, has exacerbated concerns surrounding business-related human rights violations such as labour exploitation, environmental damage, unhealthy work environment, and other fundamental human rights abuses. This has catalysed the transformation of discretionary Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices into mandated Corporate Human Rights Due Diligence (CHRDD) framework where businesses are obliged to conduct assessment of human rights risks, preventing and mitigating adverse human rights impacts, and providing remedy. This paper interrogates whether India ought to implement a mandatory CHRDD framework and how to achieve it, through analysis of conceptual framework of human rights due diligence, evolution of international law on corporate human rights and the regulatory regimes introduced in France, Germany and the EU. Subsequently, the paper will scrutinise India’s legislative landscape including the Companies Act 2013, Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reporting (BRSR) regime of SEBI, existing labour and environmental legislation, constitutional provisions and judicial trends to gauge the adequacy and effectiveness of the legal system in curbing corporate human rights risks.

MESBAH Sediq  ·  International Journal of Law, Politics and Governance  ·  18 Jul 2026

Abstract Diplomacy, as one of the most important instruments of foreign policy, plays a fundamental role in shaping and maintaining the balance of power within the international system. The balance of power is a core concept in international relations, referring to the distribution of power among international actors and the prevention of domination by any single power. In this context, diplomacy contributes to the establishment of international stability and security through negotiation, dialogue, alliance-building, and crisis management. This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the impact of diplomacy on the balance of power in international relations and to analyze the major challenges and opportunities associated with this role. The findings indicate that despite facing challenges such as great-power competition, increasing geopolitical tensions, and the emergence of non-state actors, diplomacy remains one of the most effective mechanisms for managing international relations and preserving the balance of power.

Sanketkumar Babubhai Vachhani, Dr. Dineshkumar Ramjibhai Chavda  ·  International Journal of Commerce, Accounting and Finance  ·  17 Jul 2026

The cement industry plays a fundamental role in infrastructure development, but is also a major source of carbon emissions. As the world's second-largest cement producer, India faces growing pressure to improve environmental transparency and sustainable business practices. This study analyses the environmental reporting practices of UltraTech Cement Ltd. and Shree Cement Ltd. using secondary data from sustainability reports, corporate disclosures, and industry publications. It examines the reporting frameworks adopted, including the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and the Cement Sustainability Initiative (CSI), and compares key indicators such as carbon emissions, energy efficiency, water management, and waste reduction. The results reveal that UltraTech provides more detailed quantitative information, whereas Shree prioritises clear and accessible narrative communication. Environmental disclosure also raises investor awareness by improving the understanding of sustainability performance, operational efficiency, and regulatory risks. The study concludes that more consistent and comprehensive reporting can enhance corporate transparency, strengthen stakeholder trust, and facilitate informed investment decisions aligned with ESG principles.

Harshitaben Dineshbhai Suva, Dr Dineshkumar Ramjibhai Chavda  ·  International Journal of Commerce, Accounting and Finance  ·  17 Jul 2026

The rapid expansion of India's digital financial ecosystem, which includes digital wallets, internet banking, mobile banking, and UPI, has significantly transformed how salaried women organise and carry out financial transactions. Users are now more exposed to cyber-financial threats like phishing, OTP fraud, SIM-swapping, and fraudulent payment apps, while this development has enhanced convenience and financial inclusion. Due to time restrictions, cultural challenges, and various levels of digital proficiency, paid women represent a special and important group for the analysis of digital monetary security understanding. This paper takes a purely conceptual approach, relying solely on secondary data and the corpus of existing literature in financial literacy, information security, and technology adoption to provide an integrated conceptual framework that explains the causes, mediating mechanisms, and outcomes of digital financial security awareness among salaried women. The framework identifies risk perception, trust, and self-efficacy as mediating variables; digital literacy, social influence, institutional training, and self-efficacy as significant independent variables; and safe digital financial behavior, decreased fraud vulnerability, and improved financial well-being as outcome variables. This paper includes the theoretical contributions, managerial and policy implications, and future directions for empirical validation of the proposed paradigm.

N. Navas, Dr G Madan Mohan, Vigneshwaran k  ·  International Journal of Technology and Emerging Research  ·  17 Jul 2026

Empowerment of persons with disabilities (PWDs) has now assumed paramount importance while crafting disability-related policies, education framework and inclusion. Strong commitment has been displayed towards inclusion and accessibility by the state and private institutions. However, studies providing empirical evidences about the role played by teachers in shaping the livelihood of disabled by empowering them and transforming them as independent, confident and competent to participate in fruitful jobs is very much scanty. This study examines how teacher support received by disabled has cast a bearing on them gaining empowerment. Primary data was collected from 134 disabled in Chennai selected using Snowball sampling and analysed using SPSS, applying the analytical tools of Frequency, Mean, Cluster Analysis, Chi-square Analysis, Correspondence Analysis and Regression. Findings of the survey indicate that the disabled surveyed have gained good level of empowerment in their professional life while they have been supported by teachers to an average extent on majority of issues. Support from teachers have cast a significant positive influence on their empowerment with those fortunate to get good support of teachers gaining high level of empowerment. This implies that the quality of teachers’ support for disabled usually well translates into better empowerment of them in their profession.

Dr. Tesfay Alemayeh  ·  International Journal of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence  ·  17 Jul 2026

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing procurement and supply chain management through the use of predictive analytics, automation, and informed decision making. This research examines the impact of AI-based procurement optimization on strategic performance at Hydrogen Pharmaceutical PLC. A mixed methodological approach was employed, involving questionnaires to staff members in procurement, supply chain, finance, information technology, and management departments. Out of 60 questionnaires issued, 45 valid responses were analyzed (75% response rate). Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, reliability test, correlation, and multiple regression analyses using SPSS. The findings reveal that AI implementation positively influences procurement efficiency, supplier performance, inventory management, and cost saving. Regression analysis suggests that AI accounts for 63% of the variance in strategic performance (R² = 0.63, p < 0.001). The research suggests that AI is a strategic competency that positively influences procurement efficiency.

Siyaka Hassan Eromi, Onubaye Onimisi Shaibu, Abdullahi Muhammad Dutsun, Nazifi Lawan Usman, Abubakar Abdullahi, Lamba Henry Danwawo  ·  International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering  ·  16 Jul 2026

Wind energy is one of the most viable renewable energy for future of clean energy source with full capacity of replacing non-renewable energy sources which is considered to be an obsolete source because of it negative impact to our environment. The amount of energy that is available in wind is so enormous with capability of eliminating energy deficiency of any nation if properly harnessed. Nigeria continues to face a severe electrical energy supply due to power deficiency with average national electricity generation far below estimated demand. This study experimentally assesses the under-utilization of wind energy capacity in northern Nigeria and evaluates its potential to address the country’s energy deficit. Using wind speed data and turbine performance analysis from selected high-potential sites, the research examines capacity factor, wind power density, and economic viability. Previous studies indicate that northern Nigeria possess economically viable wind resources for grid integration with promising capacity. Experimental data collected over the period of six months at 10m height showed an average wind speed of 4.19m/s and a mean wind power density of 52.1 〖W/m〗^2, with higher value recorded during the dry season months. Performance analysis of 1KW horizontal-axis wind turbine indicated a capacity factor of 19.6% and an estimated annual energy production of 858GWh of electricity annually, contributing about 2.4% to current national generation. The findings reveal that while northern Nigeria has viable wind resources, the level of deployment and utilization remains very low due to limited policy support, inadequate grid infrastructure, and lack of local capacity.

Prof. Alfred Ndi, Silas Manda  ·  International Journal of Sociology and Social Research  ·  16 Jul 2026

This paper critically reviews literature on technological, socio-technical, policy and community‑based innovations intended to prevent, detect, mitigate, and respond to deepfakes, synthetic media, and disinformation campaigns. Grounded in an interdisciplinary framework that integrates information‑disorder theory (Wardle & Derakhshan, 2017), digital colonialism critiques (Couldry & Mejias, 2019; Kwet, 2019), and propaganda models (Herman & Chomsky, 1988), the review synthesizes empirical and theoretical work across media forensics, machine learning detection, platform governance, media literacy, legal remedies, and grassroots approaches. Using a systematic literature-review methodology (PRISMA guidelines), sources from technical computer-vision research, social science studies of computational propaganda, policy reports, and African/Cameroonian analyses were included. Fifteen principal findings are presented and developed, each followed by a focused discussion addressing conceptual clarity about what counts as “innovation,” trade-offs, context sensitivity (with emphasis on Cameroon and sub-Saharan Africa), and feasibility. The review concludes that “innovation” should not be limited to algorithmic novelty but must include socio‑technical innovations: context-aware detection, platform transparency, community-centered verification, legal safeguards, and investment in local digital sovereignty. The paper ends with a prioritized research and policy agenda and 25 curated references. Confidence in the review’s synthesis is moderate–high for broad patterns and more cautious for fast-moving technical claims (detection arms race), consistent with epistemic humility in emergent fields.

Nilanka Chatterjee  ·  International Journal of Economics and Business Management  ·  16 Jul 2026

Problem : We are forgiving our roots of culture that has basically shaped the contours of Management. Our mental framework determines our ultimate trajectory. This psychological architecture becomes mostly significant in organizational contexts, where leadership effectiveness roots on the quality of underlying thought processes. Modern leadership research validates what philosophers have long understood that thoughts create actions, actions set habits, and habits ultimately forge character Research objectives: It examines the systematic integration of traditional Indian philosophical principles into contemporary management practices, addressing a critical gap in cross-cultural management literature. The investigation explores empirical evidence supporting values-based management approaches, particularly those rooted in Indian cultural contexts, and their measurable impact on organizational effectiveness, Critical Concerns/ Research gaps: A positive correlation between elevated organizational objectives, managerial values, and workforce commitment Implications/ Future direction: The gap between India's philosophical heritage and contemporary management practice represents both challenge and opportunity. Addressing this requires systematic research translating ancient principles into evidence-based frameworks, leadership commitment to values-based culture, and educational reforms integrating character formation with professional development.

Ajay Bisht, Sumit Patial, Vineet Kamal, Vipan Kumar, Megha, Pankaj Thakur  ·  International Journal of Sociology and Social Research  ·  16 Jul 2026

The tourism industry has excelled with the passage of time, and it now forms a major part of the economy. One of the major components of the tourism industry is religious tourism, which involves the movement of people for religious purposes and cultural experiences related to religious destinations. Religious tourism is also called faith tourism, and it has gained scholarly interest along with marketing research, encompassing pilgrimage, spiritual travel, faith-based destinations, and sacred places. The literature has expanded in this field, but research remains fragmented in this context. To address this gap, researchers conducted a bibliometric analysis on religious tourism and marketing published between 2015 and 2025. A well-established scholarly database (Scopus) was used to conduct this study. Using VOSviewer and the Biblometrix (R)package, this study maps influential authors, affiliated institutions, collaboration networks, and dominant themes in the field. The findings reveal the steady pattern in scientific output in the last decade. The research is not confined to a specific region, but it is broadly distributed. The findings highlight emerging themes and provide valuable insights for researchers and future development in this growing interdisciplinary field.

Dr Atiqur Rahman Khan  ·  International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences  ·  16 Jul 2026

Hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains one of the leading causes of neonatal mortality and long-term neurodevelopmental disability worldwide despite major advances in neonatal intensive care and the widespread implementation of therapeutic hypothermia. Traditionally, HIE has been viewed predominantly as a cerebral disorder, with clinical management focused largely on neuroprotection and seizure control. However, growing evidence suggests that perinatal hypoxia-ischaemia induces a complex multisystem response involving profound interactions between cardiovascular dysfunction, acute kidney injury, cerebral autoregulatory failure, systemic inflammation, and metabolic disturbances. Myocardial injury may lead to reduced cardiac output and impaired cerebral perfusion, while renal dysfunction contributes to fluid imbalance, altered drug pharmacokinetics, and amplification of inflammatory pathways that further exacerbate secondary brain injury. Therapeutic hypothermia, although neuroprotective, introduces additional physiological alterations that influence myocardial performance, systemic vascular resistance, and renal blood flow. These interdependent mechanisms have led to increasing recognition of a neonatal cardio-renal-brain axis as a central determinant of neurological recovery following perinatal asphyxia. This review explores current understanding of organ crosstalk in HIE, examines emerging biomarkers and monitoring strategies, and discusses how multimodal haemodynamic assessment may facilitate a transition from protocol-driven treatment toward precision neurocritical care in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Adekunle Odunayo Adejuwon, Okikioluwa Ayoade Odeleye, Olaleke David Odeleye, Barakat Yusuf, Abdul-hafiz Kolade Ashiru, Abiola Sijuade Dirisu, Victoria Anatolyivna Tsygankova  ·  International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering  ·  16 Jul 2026

This study assessed waste management practices among residents of Ibadan South West Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria, using a cross-sectional descriptive research design. A total of 134 questionnaires were distributed through a simple random sampling technique, with 100 being correctly completed and returned. Data collection employed validated self-developed questionnaires, and analysis was conducted using SPSS 25 at a 0.05 significance level. The study revealed that a significant portion of respondents were aged 41 and above (44%) and predominantly female (64%). Many had secondary education (32%) and were either unemployed (40%) or self-employed (38%), with 43% earning below ₦50,000 monthly. These socio-economic factors are consistent with existing literature on their impact on household behaviors and service access. Findings regarding waste management practices indicate an organized system with effective regulations. Ninety-one percent of respondents noted restrictions on waste bin contents, and 100% acknowledged the presence of recycling drop-off points, pickup days, and community education. However, significant challenges were identified, including inadequate infrastructure (81%), insufficient public awareness (65%), and economic costs. Problems such as overflowing waste bins, illegal dumping, noticeable odors, and environmental degradation were prevalent. The study underscores the need for improvements in waste management strategies, including enhancing infrastructure, increasing public education, enforcing regulations, and investing in modern technologies. Recommendations include better infrastructure development, robust public awareness campaigns, stricter regulatory enforcement, increased financial investment, promotion of source segregation, and addressing economic barriers. These measures are essential to addressing the challenges identified and improving waste management practices to safeguard public health and environmental sustainability.

Priyanshi Patel, Ronak Patel, Bhavika Tandel  ·  International Journal of Technology and Emerging Research  ·  16 Jul 2026

Lectins are carbohydrate- binding proteins that are widely distributed in a variety of biological systems including bacteria, fungi, plants, animals, and humans. These proteins possess the ability to recognize and bind specific carbohydrate molecules through reversible and non-covalent interactions. Unlike enzymes, lectins do not catalyze chemical reactions but instead interact specifically with sugar residues present on glycoproteins, glycolipids, and polysaccharides. Due to their high carbohydrate specificity and their ability to agglutinate erythrocytes, lectins exhibit significant hemagglutinating activity. In general, lectins are considered proteins of non-immune origin that can recognize and bind distinct carbohydrate structures. Because of these properties, lectins have been widely applied in several biological and biomedical fields. Lectins typically contain at least one non-catalytic structural domain known as the Carbohydrate Recognition Domain (CRD). The Carbohydrate Recognition Domain determines the carbohydrate specificity of the lectin molecule and enables interaction with glycoproteins and glycolipids present on the surface of erythrocytes, resulting in visible agglutination. In addition to their hemagglutinating properties, several lectins also exhibit antimicrobial activity. This biological activity is mainly attributed to their ability to interact with carbohydrate components present on microbial cell surfaces. Such interactions may lead to disruption of cell membrane integrity, inhibition of microbial adhesion, or interference with biofilm formation. Due to the increasing demand for economical diagnostic tools and alternative antimicrobial agents, lectins have attracted considerable research interest. The present study was therefore designed to extract and characterize lectins from selected plant and fungal sources and to evaluate their hemagglutination and antibacterial activity. The findings of this study are expected to contribute some in the field of development of natural lectin-based application in medical diagnostics & antimicrobial research.

Rakshitha M M  ·  International Journal of Economics and Business Management  ·  15 Jul 2026

Gender diversity and inclusion have become strategic priorities for organizations seeking to enhance innovation, organizational performance, and long-term sustainability. Although women constitute a significant proportion of India's educated workforce, their participation and representation in leadership positions remain disproportionately low due to persistent socio-cultural, organizational, and structural barriers. This study presents a systematic conceptual review of contemporary literature published between 2020 and 2026 to examine the strategic importance of women in Indian organizations and the need for greater gender diversity and inclusion. Drawing upon peer-reviewed journal articles, government publications, industry reports, and policy documents, the review synthesizes evidence on women's workforce participation, leadership representation, workplace inclusion, organizational culture, and diversity management practices within the Indian context, while incorporating relevant global perspectives. The findings reveal that gender-diverse organizations consistently demonstrate improved decision-making, innovation, employee engagement, governance, and financial performance; however, challenges such as unconscious bias, the glass ceiling, unequal career advancement opportunities, pay disparities, and work-life integration continue to impede women's professional growth. The review further highlights the critical role of inclusive leadership, equitable human resource policies, organizational commitment, and supportive public policies in fostering inclusive workplaces. By integrating multidisciplinary perspectives and identifying key research gaps, this study proposes a comprehensive conceptual framework and practical recommendations to assist organizations, HR professionals, and policymakers in advancing gender diversity, strengthening workplace inclusion, and promoting sustainable organizational success in India.

Mulugeta Tilahun Bekele  ·  International Journal of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence  ·  15 Jul 2026

Abstract: The rapid adoption of digital higher education has transformed teaching, learning, and assessment by increasing accessibility and flexibility. However, it has also introduced challenges related to academic integrity, equitable access to learning opportunities, and effective quality assurance. Although artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used to address these challenges, many existing AI systems lack transparency, limiting stakeholder trust and accountability. This study aimed to develop and validate an Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) framework that enhances academic integrity, supports inclusive learning, and strengthens quality assurance in digital higher education through transparent and interpretable AI-driven decision-making. A convergent mixed-methods research design was employed. Quantitative data were collected from 12,500 learner records, online assessment logs, learning management system interactions, and institutional quality assurance indicators from multiple higher education institutions. Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions involving students, instructors, instructional designers, and quality assurance experts. Explainable machine learning algorithms and fairness assessment techniques were integrated into the proposed framework to detect academic misconduct, identify at-risk learners, evaluate educational quality, and generate interpretable recommendations. The proposed framework achieved an accuracy of 95.1%, precision of 94.3%, recall of 93.8%, an F1-score of 94.0%, and an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.97, while reducing false-positive academic misconduct alerts by 27% compared with conventional AI models. Qualitative findings demonstrated that explainable AI significantly improved stakeholder trust, perceived fairness, transparency, and confidence in AI-supported educational decision-making. The developed XAI framework provides a transparent, ethical, and scalable solution for improving academic integrity, promoting inclusive learning, and strengthening quality assurance in digital higher education. The framework contributes to trustworthy AI adoption and supports evidence-based institutional decision-making, thereby advancing sustainable digital transformation in higher education.