Impact of Jal Jeevan Mission on Rural Livelihoods and Women Empowerment: A Case Study of Anjani Village, GPM District, Chhattisgarh

Abstract

The accomplishment of SDG 6 is especially important for India. India, a country with more than 1.4 billion people and a wide range of ecological and socioeconomic circumstances, has significant issues with water stress, contamination, and access disparities. Nearly 600 million Indians face high-to-extreme water stress, and by 2030, the demand for water is expected to double the supply, according to NITI Aayog (2019). The Indian government established the JJM in 2019 under the Ministry of Jal Shakti to fulfil the water demands. The present study was designed to assess the benefits of JJM in Anjani village of GPM district with objectives, to assess how the Jal Jeevan Mission has affected the everyday activities, socioeconomic condition and health outcomes. The implementation of the JJM has brought significant improvements in this situation. Universal tap connections, reliable supply, and better water quality have not only ensured household-level water security but also positively impacted education, health, women’s empowerment, and livelihoods. Children no longer miss school due to water-fetching duties, women save valuable time for productive work, and households report reduced medical expenses due to fewer waterborne diseases.

Keywords: Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTCs), Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM), Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM), Village Water and Sanitation Committees (VWSCs), Gaurela-Pendra-Marwahi (GPM),