A review on Cybersecurity Challenges and Threats in modern world

Abstract

Theoretical frameworks and empirical findings consistently underscore the prominence of cybersecurity awareness as a central theme in contemporary cybersecurity research. This review paper aims to gain knowledge about the term ‘cybersecurity’ and the need to analyze and identify various kinds of threats that a person or organization may face in this information era, because as connectivity increases, the devices can interact and share information, and this could lead to a rise in cybersecurity risk. This paper covers various threats, including malware, ransomware, phishing, data breaches, and physical manipulation. These threats carry potential consequences such as financial loss, psychosocial impacts, erosion of trust, and unauthorized disclosure of sensitive data. “This discussion examines AI-enabled defence strategies and procedural frameworks that contribute to strengthening cybersecurity awareness and protection.” This paper is based on data collected from government agencies. This paper defines cybersecurity and discusses various cybersecurity threats like phishing, data breaches, ransomware, denial of service, and advanced persistent threats. The primary goal is to lower expenses brought on by cybersecurity risks.

Keywords: Cybersecurity; Ransomware; IoT attacks; Phishing; Data breaches; Protective measures; User awareness.