Plagiarism
Effective 11 July 2026
Authors are responsible for ensuring that submitted manuscripts are original, properly attributed, and free from plagiarism or redundant publication. As part of the editorial screening process, the journal may evaluate submissions for text similarity using plagiarism-detection tools alongside editorial assessment. Suspected plagiarism, duplicate publication, or improper attribution is investigated in accordance with COPE guidelines. Manuscripts found to contain substantial unattributed overlap or other forms of academic misconduct may be returned for revision, rejected, or, where applicable, corrected or retracted after publication.