Dr. Gurusharan Kaur

https://doi.org/10.64823/ijepp.2601001

The COVID-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented disruption in the education system worldwide, forcing a sudden transition from traditional classroom learning to online modes of education. This research paper analyses three major phases of student learning: pre-COVID (traditional learning), during COVID (online learning), and post-COVID (blended/hybrid learning). The study focuses on changes in learning methods, growth in online education (in percentage terms), and the impact of these changes on students’ mental health. The findings reveal a significant rise in online learning adoption during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, along with mixed psychological effects on students, including increased stress, improved adaptability, and enhanced digital competence

https://doi.org/10.64823/ijter.2503006

This article describes how to use Graph Theory and LPP approaches to identify solutions to minimize transportation expenses. This paper's goal is to apply several strategies that have been created in the literature to address transportation-related issues and lower costs. This paper demonstrates the connection between the transportation problem and graph theory and starts the process of looking for different sorts of solutions. For this reason, we have employed a novel approach in conjunction with graph theory, LCM, VAM, NWCM, and Linear Programming Model. Which technique has a lower transportation cost is shown via comparison.

https://doi.org/10.64823/ijter.2501014

Microbots, also known as microrobots, are miniature robotic devices capable of performing specific tasks at micro and nano scales. With recent advancements in robotics, artificial intelligence, and nanotechnology, microbots have emerged as promising tools in fields such as medicine, environmental monitoring, and industrial automation. This paper explores the design, architecture, applications, challenges, and future trends of microbots. The discussion is supported by recent research and technological developments. Additionally, this paper delves deeper into the technical aspects, including manufacturing techniques, control algorithms, swarm intelligence, and the ethical and regulatory considerations surrounding microbot technology

This paper presents enhancements in the design of a modified water bath system aimed at improving safety, efficiency, and temperature control. A water bath is a widely used laboratory device designed to maintain a constant temperature for applications such as incubation, heating of chemical substances, and sterilization in pharmaceutical processes. Conventional water baths typically consist of a metallic container filled with water, with capacities ranging from 12 to 32 Litres, and are equipped with analogue or digital interfaces for temperature regulation.[1] The proposed system focuses on three key aspects. Firstly, hardware improvements are introduced with an emphasis on safety by incorporating shock-resistant and insulating materials such as plastic and rubber. These modifications aim to reduce electrical hazards caused by water leakage and corrosion, which are common issues in conventional systems. Secondly, the design explores the integration of a fuzzy logic-based control system for automated temperature regulation. This approach utilizes rule-based decision-making to maintain stable and accurate temperature control, thereby enhancing system performance compared to traditional methods. Finally, the system incorporates advanced sensors for real-time monitoring, including temperature and water level detection. These sensors improve operational reliability, ensure precise control, and contribute to the overall efficiency of the water bath system. The proposed modifications aim to develop a safer, more reliable, and efficient water bath suitable for modern laboratory applications.